ABSTRACT

This research project is aimed at producing domestic powder and consequently, three different types of powder were produced, namely, simple face powder (pan-cake), medicated/Antiseptic powder (dristing   powder).

During the various production Talcum, Zinc-oxide, Perfume, Menthol, Tragasan 300 DP (Triclosan), Mineral oil and colour (brown) were the materials used in the production of different powders. And equipment and apparatus used for production  of the three different powders  products are electronic weighing balance, mortar and pistle, beaker, filter paper, mixer and spatula.

 The simple face powder production. Talcum and perfume   or Zinc-oxide and perfume were used and was ratio or measured in other to standize the product. Also the Brown powder (pan-cake) Talcum, mineral oil  Zinc-sterate (Zinc-oxide) and colour were the material used in the production. Thus the Medicated/Antiseptic powder (dustin powder) comprises of Talcum, Irzasan 300 Dp, Menthol, and little addition of zinc-oxide.

All the three powder products has different stages of production and it involves the.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter one

Introduction

Chapter Two

Literature Review

Cosmetics

Cosmetic products

Lip stick

Cream

Powder

Classification of powder

Face powder

Simple powder

Brown powder

General properties of powder

Slip

Talc

Properties of talc

Zinc oxide (ZNO)

Properties of Zinc oxide

Uses of Zinc oxide

Toilet powder Dustin powder

Function of Antiseptic-Dustin powder

Precaution on Antiseptic Dustin powder Application

Aftershave powder

Baby powder

Antiseptic powder

Menthol

Effect on micro-organisms

Perfume

Preparation of starch

Properties of starch

Test for starch

Uses of starch

 Chapter Three

3.0       Material and Experimental Methodology.

3.1  Material for production

3.2         Categories of powders produced .

3.3         Production procedure for simple powder

3.4         Apparatus and Experiment used

3.5         Aim of Experiment (Simple powder)

3.6         Method of production

3.61        Weighing stage

3.62        Mixing stage

3.63        Screening

3.7         Production of brown powder

3.71        Aim of Experiment

3.72        Weighing stage

3.73        Mixing stage

3.74        Screening stage

3.75        Compressing stage

3.8     Production  of Medicated/Antiseptic powder

3.81            Aim of Experiment

3.82            Weighing stage

3.83            Mixing stage

3.84            Screening stage

3.9      Test of products properties

3.91  Test for covering powder/opacifying ability

3.92            Test for Adhesiveness

3.93            Test for colour match

3.94            Test for pleasing odour

Chapter four

4.0       Experimental results

4.1Experiment I(Simple face powder)

4.2       Experiment II(Brown powder)

4.3       Experiment  III(Medicated /Antiseptic powder)

4.4       Physical test experimental result for physical properties/Qualities of produced powder.

Chapter  Five

Cost Analysis

Chapter  Six

Discussion

Chapter  Seven

Conclusion/Recommendation

Chapter  Eight

References

Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Cosmetics are referred to as substances that make the face, body and hair look more attractive; generally, the study of cosmetology came into existence in the year 1895, in Chicago. Cosmetology is a branch of applied science, which deals with the external embellishment of the human, through the use of cosmetic products.

Cosmetics are of different types and are divided into hair care, body care, and make-up. Concisely, hair care cosmetics are referred to as the shampoo, Relaxers, conditioners, styling gel, pink oil, etc. Thus, there are used to beautify the hair. The body care cosmetics are the body creams and body lotions; they are cleansing creams and moisturizers, which are used for the body (Skin) Beautification.

Make-up cosmetics are referred to as powders, lipsticks, Wet-lips, cortex etc. powder is one of the cosmetic product that is widely used and very important to man since individuals want to promote their beauty.

Thus, powders are chemical formulation which are used on the external part of the skin e.g. face.

Powders are classified into three different types which are known as     the simple powders, Antiseptic/Medicated powders, and Brown powders. Though, generally, the various powders are being applied on the skin but two of the powders named are basically for face beautification e.g Simple powder and Brown powder. The Antiseptic/Medicated are being applied on the body (Skin), when there is prickly heat rashes on the skin in other to inhabit or eliminate the micro-organisms that are infectious or causes infection to the human skin.

The qualities of the different powder products depends on the active ingredients and  other additives added to it during it’s formulation. No single powder contains all the desired qualities needed by man and as such different powder cosmetics products exist in the market so as to meet the choice of individuals and as to such any of the product becomes medicated/Antiseptic powder when it contains germicidal or Antiseptic compounds including materials like Irzasan DP 300, Triclosan, menthol etc.

Any antiseptic added to powder  must have selective toxicity so that it can only affact the particular micro-organisms activity to be controlled or eliminated and do not have any negative effect when applied on the skin (face or any part of the body.).

Hence, the brown powder (pan-cake or pressed powder) are pro duced purposely for the compliment of the skin colour.

Though, they vary in colours they are produced through the same medium the brown powder  has three different colours namely colour 1

Colour 2,  colour 3. Basically, colour 1 is produced for those with white skin  colour people, colour 2 is produced for chocolate colour people, and colour 3 is produced for black skin colour people. Thus, the production of the brown powder is more tedious when compared to simple and Antiseptic/Medicated powders. Due to the process it under goes during the production. Thus, the simple powder is the most easiest and cheapest  to produce among the three different types of powder.

Generally, in the production of various powders, the materials used are the talcum, Zinc-oxide, Perfume, Menthol, Mineral oil, Irgasan DP 300, but not all the materials named above are used in the production of the different powders, like the simple powder, Talcum, Perfume and Zinc oxide; if the need arise but it can be produced using Talcum and perfume. The Antiseptic /Medicated powders, Irgasan DP 300,Talcum are used in the production process, while the brown powders zinc state, talcum mineral oil, colour and perfume are used during the production.

Hence, in the production of powder, there are some quality control the producer must adhere to during production, the powder materials must be smooth and very fine in texture, in other words, there should not be particles in the powder and furthermore, the oil level must not exceed the normal quantity and a good oil should be used and the mineral oil should be very pure (Technical oil) that is a purified oil.

This material content is developed to serve as a GUIDE for students to conduct academic research